A persistent issue with zebra mussels, microplastics from wastewater, ongoing E. coli concerns, and toxic algal blooms visible from space has plagued Lake Winnipeg, causing distress among Manitobans. Amid these well-known problems, a lesser-discussed aspect is gaining attention – the study of viruses infecting microalgae in Lake Winnipeg. This microscopic investigation is crucial for understanding the future well-being of one of the largest freshwater basins globally in the context of our changing climate.
Professor Emily Chase, a renowned microbiologist and virologist at the University of Winnipeg, highlighted the significance of studying viruses that infect microalgae in the lake, emphasizing that it is a crucial yet overlooked aspect of comprehending Lake Winnipeg’s ecosystem. Last summer, Chase initiated research on how viruses impact Lake Winnipeg’s microalgae, which are essential in the lake’s food web despite their negative reputation for forming blue-green films containing harmful neurotoxins.
Microalgae in Lake Winnipeg play a pivotal role by harnessing solar energy, becoming a nutritional source for filter feeders, spineless creatures, minnows, small fish, and eventually larger fish like walleye, which are sought after by anglers. However, concerns persist that climate change could further disrupt the already delicate Lake Winnipeg ecosystem, leading to more frequent and severe toxic algal blooms, known as cyanobacteria.
Researchers, including Chase, are investigating how viruses may impact broader lake dynamics, particularly in the context of algal bloom collapses. Understanding the interaction between viruses and microalgae blooms could provide insights into predicting and potentially mitigating future environmental challenges in Lake Winnipeg as the climate continues to evolve.
Drawing from her algae-virus research experience in the Mediterranean Sea and the United States, Chase returned to Canada to focus on climate change impacts. She emphasized the warning signs from Lake Erie, where the loss of ice cover has altered the lake’s microbial communities and nutrient cycles, foreshadowing potential challenges for Lake Winnipeg if similar trends persist.
Scott Higgins, a senior research scientist at the International Institute of Sustainable Development, highlighted the importance of Chase’s virus research in preparing Manitoba for the evolving Lake Winnipeg ecosystem. Understanding the intricate relationship between viruses, algae, and climate change is essential for developing strategies to safeguard the lake’s health and biodiversity in the face of environmental threats.
